The temperature of floating photovoltaics: Case studies, models and recent findings

In floating photovoltaics (FPV), modules are installed on water to alleviate the land requirement of this energy source. addition, FPV installations expected work at lower operating temperatures compared based photovoltaic (LPV) systems, thanks cooling effect water. If confirmed, these would (i) increase yield and (ii) reduce degradation performance losses, boosting cost-competitiveness FPV. However, some recent works have reported cases systems working higher than co-located LPV systems. The present review gathers literature thermal behaviour FPV, outlining models discussing currently available experimental results. It is found that FPVs different configurations can experience behaviours, not always necessarily better LPV. particular, air- water-cooled should be distinguished, considering their diverse mechanisms. Initial comparative analyses make it possible identify designs conditions favour heat transfer in role additional factors temperature, such as PV material or more frequent biofouling, also discussed. Last, estimations economic impact costs competitiveness presented.